ED Analysis

This is an evolving analysis of the Electronic Surgical Discharge Dataset

Completion Analysis

Overall Completion Fraction

Patient Searching

Distribution of Common Last Names

Last Name Frequency

`geom_smooth()` using method = 'gam' and formula 'y ~ s(x, bs = "cs")'
Quitting from lines 1563-1641 (ED_Markdown.Rmd) 

Full First Name & Last Name Search

Summary	Values
Min	1.00
Quartile.1	1.00
Median	1.00
Quartile.3	1.00
Max	10.00
IQR	0.00
SD	0.61
Mean	1.20
Upper 95% CI	2.42
Lower 95% CI	-0.01

First Initial & Last Name Search

Summary	Values
Min	1.00
Quartile.1	1.00
Median	1.00
Quartile.3	1.00
Max	18.00
IQR	0.00
SD	1.23
Mean	1.45
Upper 95% CI	3.90
Lower 95% CI	-1.01

Demographic Analysis

Ethnicity

Ethnicity	Percentage (%)	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI
Asian	0.03	0.00	0.48
Black	92.30	91.85	92.76
Coloured	2.96	2.51	3.42
Indian	1.49	1.05	1.95
Other	0.16	0.00	0.62
White	3.06	2.61	3.51

Sex

Gender	Percentage (%)	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI
Female	52.81	51.84	53.77
Male	47.14	46.17	48.11
Other	0.05	0.00	1.02

Age Group

Age Group	Percentage (%)	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI
Infant	0.28	0.00	1.27
Preschool Child	0.00	0.00	0.99
Child	1.48	0.49	2.46
Adolescent	4.02	3.03	5.00
Young Adult	6.00	5.02	6.99
Adult	34.09	33.11	35.08
Middle Aged	35.87	34.88	36.85
Aged	14.99	14.01	15.98
80+	3.28	2.29	4.26

Length of Stay Analysis

7.97% of patient’s were assessed to have outlier length of stays. This was assessed by means of a cutoff of \(1.5*IQR\) below the first and above the third quartile.

Patient length of stay density visualization

3D Plot

2D Plot

Length of Stay by Age Group

ICD Analysis

ICD Chapter	Percentage (%)	Lower 95% CI	Upper 95% CI
Infectious & Parasitic	3.36	2.34	4.39
Neoplasms	18.67	17.66	19.71
Blood & Immune	0.48	0.00	1.51
Endocrine, etc	2.55	1.53	3.58
Mental & Behavioural	0.23	0.00	1.27
Nervous System	0.19	0.00	1.22
Eye & Adnexa	0.05	0.00	1.09
Ear & Mastoid	0.02	0.00	1.05
Circulatory System	5.37	4.35	6.40
Respiratory System	0.47	0.00	1.50
Digestive System	48.53	47.51	49.56
Skin & Subcutaneous	5.78	4.76	6.81
Musculoskeletal	1.15	0.13	2.18
Genitourinary System	2.96	1.94	3.99
Pregnancy	1.09	0.07	2.13
Perinatal	0.02	0.00	1.05
Congenital	0.45	0.00	1.48
Abnormal Findings	1.80	0.78	2.84
Injury, Poisoning, etc	1.00	0.00	2.03
Morbidity & Mortality	0.15	0.00	1.18
Influencing Factors	0.90	0.00	1.93
Special Purpose	0.01	0.00	1.04
Neoplasm Morphology	4.78	3.76	5.82

Full Dataset

Top Ten Codes

Demographic ICD Flow

ICD Chapter Sankey Flow

ICD Code Sankey Flow

Length of Stay Regression Analysis

Analysis of predictors of a length of stay greater than 5 days in a surgical ward at a Wits institution.

Crosstable Analysis

Sex Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Female	3089	3025
Male	2496	2976
Other	3	2

Ethnicity Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Asian	3	0
Black	5128	5538
Coloured	171	178
Indian	99	81
Other	10	5
White	177	201

Age Group Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Infant	15	12
Preschool Child	0	0
Child	108	56
Adolescent	290	168
Young Adult	451	219
Adult	2096	1788
Middle Aged	1763	2441
Aged	691	1093
80+	174	226

Discharge Ward Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Burns Unit	0	1
Trauma Unit	0	2
Unit 1	1743	2079
Unit 3	1409	1729
Unit 4	1160	697
Unit 5	946	1028
Unknown	274	276
Vascular	56	191

Type of Discharge Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Declined Treatment	18	23
Demised	1	0
Home	4678	4995
Other	714	698
Transfer	177	287

ICD Chapter Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
Infectious & Parasitic	131	211
Neoplasms	668	1248
Blood & Immune	21	29
Endocrine, etc	81	175
Mental & Behavioural	15	8
Nervous System	9	10
Eye & Adnexa	2	3
Ear & Mastoid	1	1
Circulatory System	178	346
Respiratory System	19	27
Digestive System	2526	2305
Skin & Subcutaneous	389	178
Musculoskeletal	43	83
Genitourinary System	200	93
Pregnancy	84	21
Perinatal	0	2
Congenital	20	23
Abnormal Findings	105	76
Injury, Poisoning, etc	55	45
Morbidity & Mortality	10	4
Influencing Factors	32	55
Special Purpose	0	2
Neoplasm Morphology	155	345

ICD Block Title Crosstable

Fields	5 or Less	More than 5
(A00-A09) Intestinal infectious diseases	23	45
(A15-A19) Tuberculosis	17	35
(A20-A28) Certain zoonotic bacterial diseases	0	1
(A30-A49) Other bacterial diseases	9	31
(A50-A64) Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission	18	16
(A65-A69) Other spirochaetal diseases	1	0
(A80-A89) Viral infections of the central nervous system	0	1
(B00-B09) Viral infections characterized by skin and mucous membrane lesions	3	0
(B15-B19) Viral hepatitis	6	5
(B20-B24) Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease	20	41
(B25-B34) Other viral diseases	0	2
(B35-B49) Mycoses	10	4
(B65-B83) Helminthiases	5	14
(B95-B98) Bacterial, viral and other infectious agents	3	11
(B99) Other infectious diseases	16	5
(C00-C14) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Lip, oral cavity and pharynx	1	0
(C15-C26) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Digestive organs	311	878
(C30-C39) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Respiratory and intrathoracic organs	1	1
(C40-C41) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Bone and articular cartilage	0	1
(C43-C44) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Skin	4	17
(C45-C49) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Mesothelial and soft tissue	10	16
(C50) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Breast	195	170
(C51-C57) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Female genital organs	10	21
(C60-C63) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Male genital organs	6	3
(C64-C68) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Urinary tract	1	1
(C69-C72) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Eye, brain and other parts of central nervous system	0	1
(C73-C75) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue: Thyroid and other endocrine glands	19	14
(C76-C80) Malignant neoplasms of ill-defined, secondary and unspecified sites	3	6
(C81-C96) Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue	5	6
(C97) Malignant neoplasms of independent (primary) multiple sites	0	2
(D00-D09) In situ neoplasms	15	27
(D10-D36) Benign neoplasms	62	50
(D37-D48) Neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behaviour [see note, page 226]	25	34
(D50-D53) Nutritional anaemias	16	12
(D55-D59) Haemolytic anaemias	2	2
(D60-D64) Aplastic and other anaemias	0	1
(D65-D69) Coagulation defects, purpura and other haemorrhagic conditions	1	2
(D70-D77) Other diseases of blood and blood-forming organs	1	11
(D80-D89) Certain disorders involving the immune mechanism	1	1
(E00-E07) Disorders of thyroid gland	36	35
(E10-E14) Diabetes mellitus	32	111
(E15-E16) Other disorders of glucose regulation and pancreatic internal secretion	1	3
(E20-E35) Disorders of other endocrine glands	9	20
(E70-E90) Metabolic disorders	3	6
(F00-F09) Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders	1	2
(F10-F19) Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use	3	0
(F20-F29) Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders	0	1
(F30-F39) Mood [affective] disorders	3	1
(F40-F48) Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders	0	1
(F50-F59) Behavioural syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors	1	0
(F70-F79) Mental retardation	0	2
(F90-F98) Behavioural and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence	1	0
(F99) Unspecified mental disorder	6	1
(G00-G09) Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system	4	2
(G10-G14) Systemic atrophies primarily affecting the central nervous system	0	2
(G40-G47) Episodic and paroxysmal disorders	0	2
(G50-G59) Nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders	2	0
(G70-G73) Diseases of myoneural junction and muscle	2	2
(G80-G83) Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes	1	1
(G90-G99) Other disorders of the nervous system	0	1
(H00-H06) Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit	2	0
(H25-H28) Disorders of lens	0	2
(H46-H48) Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways	0	1
(H60-H62) Diseases of external ear	1	0
(H90-H95) Other disorders of ear	0	1
(I05-I09) Chronic rheumatic heart diseases	3	1
(I10-I15) Hypertensive diseases	48	83
(I20-I25) Ischaemic heart diseases	2	3
(I26-I28) Pulmonary heart disease and diseases of pulmonary circulation	2	10
(I30-I52) Other forms of heart disease	6	7
(I60-I69) Cerebrovascular diseases	0	4
(I70-I79) Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries	49	163
(I80-H89) Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, not elsewhere classified	64	69
(I95-I99) Other and unspecified disorders of the circulatory system	4	6
(J00-J06) Acute upper respiratory infections	1	0
(J09-J18) Influenza and pneumonia	1	7
(J20-J22) Other acute lower respiratory infections	0	2
(J30-J39) Other diseases of upper respiratory tract	1	2
(J40-J47) Chronic lower respiratory diseases	8	7
(J80-J84) Other respiratory diseases principally affecting the interstitium	0	1
(J85-J94) Other diseases of pleura	3	5
(J85-J94) Suppurative and necrotic conditions of lower respiratory tract	5	2
(J95-J99) Other diseases of the respiratory system	0	1
(K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws	3	2
(K20-K31) Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum	448	320
(K35-K38) Diseases of appendix	466	394
(K40-K46) Hernia	378	218
(K50-K52) Noninfective enteritis and colitis	14	11
(K55-K64) Other diseases of intestines	335	308
(K65-K67) Diseases of peritoneum	6	11
(K70-K77) Diseases of liver	15	66
(K80-K87) Disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas	763	900
(K90-K93) Other diseases of the digestive system	98	75
(L00-L08) Infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	361	149
(L10-L14) Bullous disorders	2	0
(L60-L75) Disorders of skin appendages	3	5
(L80-L99) Other disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	23	24
(M00-M25) Arthropathies: Arthrosis	1	1
(M00-M25) Arthropathies: Infectious arthropathies	1	2
(M00-M25) Arthropathies: Inflammatory polyarthropathies	5	4
(M00-M25) Arthropathies: Other joint disorders	0	2
(M30-M36) Systemic connective tissue disorders	2	1
(M40-M54) Dorsopathies: Deforming dorsopathies	4	1
(M60-M79) Soft tissue disorders: Disorders of muscles	5	10
(M60-M79) Soft tissue disorders: Disorders of synovium and tendon	2	1
(M60-M79) Soft tissue disorders: Other soft tissue disorders	19	54
(M80-M94) Osteopathies and chondropathies: Chondropathies	1	0
(M80-M94) Osteopathies and chondropathies: Other osteopathies	2	3
(M800) Morphology Classification: Neoplasms, NOS	6	26
(M801-M804) Morphology Classification: Neoplasms, NOS	3	11
(M805-M808) Morphology Classification: Squamous cell neoplasms	19	40
(M809-M811) Morphology Classification: Basal cell neoplasms	0	2
(M812-M813) Morphology Classification: Transitional cell papillomas and carcinomas	0	1
(M814-M838) Morphology Classification: Adenomas and adenocarcinomas	83	201
(M844-M849) Morphology Classification: Cystic, mucinous and serous neoplasms	5	2
(M850-M854) Morphology Classification: Ductal and lobular neoplasms	0	2
(M868-M871) Morphology Classification: Paragangliomas and glomus tumours	0	3
(M872-M879) Morphology Classification: Naevi and melanomas	0	2
(M880) Morphology Classification:	3	6
(M881-M883) Morphology Classification: Fibromatous neoplasms	3	12
(M884) Morphology Classification: Myxomatous neoplasms	0	1
(M885-M888) Morphology Classification: Lipomatous neoplasms	3	3
(M889-M892) Morphology Classification: Myomatous neoplasms	0	1
(M893-M899) Morphology Classification: Complex mixed and stromal neoplasms	2	18
(M900-M903) Morphology Classification: Fibroepithelial neoplasms	25	4
(M904) Morphology Classification: Synovial-like neoplasms	0	1
(M906-M909) Morphology Classification: Germ cell neoplasms	0	2
(M912-M916) Morphology Classification: Blood vessel tumours	0	1
(M918-M924) Morphology Classification: Osseous and chondromatous neoplasms	1	0
(M95-M99) Other disorders of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue	1	4
(M954-M957) Morphology Classification: Nerve sheath tumours	1	2
(M959-M971) Morphology Classification: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma	0	3
(M995-M997) Morphology Classification: Chronic myeloprpliferative disorders	1	1
(N10-N16) Renal tubulo-interstitial diseases	7	9
(N17-N19) Renal failure	5	23
(N20-N23) Urolithiasis	0	1
(N25-N29) Other disorders of kidney and ureter	3	1
(N30-N39) Other diseases of urinary system	17	8
(N40-N51) Diseases of male genital organs	9	11
(N60-N64) Disorders of breast	120	14
(N70-N77) Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs	18	9
(N80-N98) Noninflammatory disorders of female genital tract	21	17
(O00-O08) Pregnancy with abortive outcome	0	6
(O20-O29) Other maternal disorders predominantly related to pregnancy	3	0
(O60-O75) Complications of labour and delivery	2	4
(O80-O84) Delivery	0	1
(O85-O92) Complications predominantly related to the puerperium	79	10
(P80-P83) Conditions involving the integument and temperature regulation of fetus and newborn	0	1
(P90-P96) Other disorders originating in the perinatal period	0	1
(Q10-Q18) Congenital malformations of eye, ear, face and neck	2	0
(Q20-Q28) Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	0	1
(Q38-Q45) Other congenital malformations of the digestive system	12	13
(Q50-Q56) Congenital malformations of genital organs	1	3
(Q80-Q89) Other congenital malformations	4	5
(Q90-Q99) Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	1	1
(R00-R09) Symptoms and signs involving the circulatory and respiratory systems	1	0
(R10-R19) Symptoms and signs involving the digestive system and abdomen	86	55
(R20-R23) Symptoms and signs involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue	15	8
(R30-R39) Symptoms and signs involving the urinary system	0	1
(R50-R69) General symptoms and signs	1	6
(R70-R79) Abnormal findings on examination of blood, without diagnosis	1	0
(R83-R89) Abnormal findings on examination of other body fluids, substances and tissues, without diagnosis	1	0
(R90-R94) Abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging and in function studies, without diagnosis	0	6
(S00-S09) Injuries to the head	1	0
(S10-S19) Injuries to the neck	1	0
(S20-S29) Injuries to the thorax	0	1
(S30-S39) Injuries to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine and pelvis	5	25
(S40-S49) Injuries to the shoulder and upper arm	1	0
(S70-S79) Injuries to the hip and thigh	0	2
(S80-S89) Injuries to the knee and lower leg	1	2
(S90-S99) Injuries to the ankle and foot	2	0
(T00-T07) Injuries involving multiple body regions	1	0
(T15-T19) Effects of foreign body entering through natural orifice	5	0
(T20-T32) Burns and corrosions: Burns and corrosions confined to eye and internal organs	1	0
(T20-T32) Burns and corrosions: Burns and corrosions of external body surface, specified by site	3	0
(T36-T50) Poisoning by drugs, medicaments and biological substances	10	2
(T51-T65) Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source	17	2
(T80-T88) Complications of surgical and medical care, not elsewhere classified	7	11
(U50) Drug resistant tuberculosis	0	2
(V01-V09) Accidents: Transport accidents: Pedestrian injured in transport accident	0	1
(W75-W84) Accidents: Other external causes of accidental injury: Other accidental threats to breathing	4	0
(X40-X49) Accidents: Other external causes of accidental injury: Accidental poisoning by and exposure to noxious substances	0	1
(X60-X84) Intentional self-harm	6	0
(X85-Y09) Assault	0	1
(Y83-Y84) Complications of medical and surgical care: Surgical and other medical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of the patient, or of later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of the procedure	0	1
(Z00-Z13) Persons encountering health services for examination and investigation	1	1
(Z40-Z54) Persons encountering health services for specific procedures and health care	6	20
(Z70-Z76) Persons encountering health services in other circumstances	1	0
(Z80-Z99) Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status	24	34

Univariate Regression Analysis

Gender Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	29.9
Degrees of Freedom	2.0
p Value	0.0	***

Fit Summary

Elements	Results
Null Deviance	15862.42
Null Degrees of Freedom	11451.00
Residual Deviance	15832.47
Residual Degrees of Freedom	11449.00
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)	15838.47
Hoslem Test Chi-Squared	11452.00
Hoslem Degrees of Freedom	8.00
Hoslem p Value	0.00	***

Gender Odds Matrix

Ethnicity Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	5.1400
Degrees of Freedom	4.0000
p Value	0.2733

Fit Summary

Elements	Results
Null Deviance	15862.42
Null Degrees of Freedom	11451.00
Residual Deviance	15857.14
Residual Degrees of Freedom	11447.00
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)	15867.14
Hoslem Test Chi-Squared	11452.00
Hoslem Degrees of Freedom	8.00
Hoslem p Value	0.00	***

Ethnicity Odds Matrix

Age Group Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	332.39
Degrees of Freedom	7.00
p Value	0.00	***

Fit Summary

Elements	Results
Null Deviance	15862.42
Null Degrees of Freedom	11451.00
Residual Deviance	15518.43
Residual Degrees of Freedom	11444.00
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)	15534.43
Hoslem Test Chi-Squared	11452.00
Hoslem Degrees of Freedom	8.00
Hoslem p Value	0.00	***

Age Group Odds Matrix

Discharge Ward Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	224.98
Degrees of Freedom	5.00
p Value	0.00	***

Fit Summary

Elements	Results
Null Deviance	15862.42
Null Degrees of Freedom	11451.00
Residual Deviance	15621.72
Residual Degrees of Freedom	11446.00
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)	15633.72
Hoslem Test Chi-Squared	11452.00
Hoslem Degrees of Freedom	8.00
Hoslem p Value	0.00	***

Discharge Ward Odds Matrix

Type of Discharge Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	20.0900
Degrees of Freedom	3.0000
p Value	0.0002	***

Fit Summary

Elements	Results
Null Deviance	15862.42
Null Degrees of Freedom	11451.00
Residual Deviance	15841.91
Residual Degrees of Freedom	11448.00
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)	15849.91
Hoslem Test Chi-Squared	11452.00
Hoslem Degrees of Freedom	8.00
Hoslem p Value	0.00	***

Type of Discharge Odds Matrix

ICD Chapter Regression

Wald Test

Elements	Results
Chi Squared	492.25
Degrees of Freedom	17.00
p Value	0.00	***

ICD Chapter Odds Matrix